Appendectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch attached to the large intestine. At SHIFAA PAN African Hospitals, our Surgical Gastroenterology Department specializes in performing appendectomies, offering expert care to patients with appendicitis to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Procedure:

Appendectomy is typically performed as an emergency procedure to treat appendicitis, an inflammation of the appendix. The surgery may be done using either an open or laparoscopic approach, depending on the patient’s condition and surgeon’s preference.

• Open Appendectomy: In this traditional approach, a single incision is made in the lower right abdomen, and the appendix is removed through the incision. The surgeon may use surgical instruments to cut and tie off the appendix before removing it.
• Laparoscopic Appendectomy: In this minimally invasive approach, several small incisions are made in the abdomen, and a laparoscope (a thin, flexible tube with a camera) and surgical instruments are inserted through the incisions. The surgeon uses the laparoscope to visualize the appendix and surrounding tissues and removes the appendix using specialized instruments.

Symptoms:

Appendicitis typically presents with symptoms such as:

• Abdominal pain, often starting near the navel and migrating to the lower right abdomen.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Loss of appetite.
• Fever and elevated white blood cell count.
• Abdominal tenderness, especially upon palpation.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing appendicitis involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Diagnostic tests may include:

• Abdominal ultrasound.
• Computed tomography (CT) scan.
• Blood tests to check for signs of infection and inflammation.

Treatment:

Appendectomy is the primary treatment for appendicitis and is typically performed as soon as possible after diagnosis to prevent complications such as appendiceal rupture and peritonitis. In addition to surgery, other treatment options may include:

• Antibiotics: Administering antibiotics to reduce inflammation and prevent infection before surgery.

Postoperative Care:

After appendectomy, patients require close monitoring and postoperative care to ensure a smooth recovery and minimize the risk of complications. Postoperative care may include:

• Pain management: Administering pain medications to alleviate discomfort and promote comfort during the recovery process.
• Wound care: Keeping the surgical incision clean and dry to prevent infection.
• Activity restrictions: Advising patients to avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting during the initial recovery period.
• Diet: Recommending a gradual return to a normal diet, starting with clear liquids and progressing to solid foods as tolerated.

 

What causes appendicitis?

Appendicitis is typically caused by a blockage in the appendix, often due to a fecalith (hardened stool), infection, or inflammation.

 

How is appendicitis diagnosed?

Diagnosis of appendicitis involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan.

 

Is appendectomy always necessary for appendicitis?

Yes, appendectomy is the standard treatment for appendicitis to prevent complications such as appendiceal rupture and peritonitis. The surgery is typically performed as soon as possible after diagnosis.

 

What are the potential risks and complications of appendectomy?

Risks and complications of appendectomy may include infection, bleeding, wound complications, bowel injury, or adverse reactions to anesthesia. Patients should discuss these risks with their surgeon before undergoing surgery.

 

How long does it take to recover from appendectomy?

Recovery time after appendectomy varies depending on the surgical approach used, individual patient factors, and the presence of any complications. Most patients can resume normal activities within a few weeks after surgery.

 

Can appendicitis recur after appendectomy?

No, once the appendix is removed, the risk of recurrent appendicitis is eliminated. However, it’s essential to seek prompt medical attention if new abdominal symptoms develop after appendectomy, as they may indicate other underlying conditions.

 

What diet should I follow after appendectomy?

After appendectomy, patients are typically advised to start with clear liquids and gradually advance to a normal diet as tolerated. It’s essential to stay hydrated and avoid foods that may be difficult to digest during the initial recovery period.