Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. At SHIFAA PAN African Hospitals, our Pediatric Department specializes in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of asthma in children, aiming to improve respiratory function, control symptoms, and enhance quality of life.

Symptoms:

• Wheezing: A whistling or squeaky sound when breathing, particularly during exhalation.
• Breathlessness: Difficulty breathing, with a sensation of tightness in the chest.
• Chest Tightness: Discomfort or pressure in the chest area.
• Coughing: Persistent cough, especially at night or in the early morning.
• Symptoms may vary in severity and frequency, with some children experiencing mild, intermittent symptoms, while others may have more persistent and severe asthma.

Diagnosis:

• Diagnosis of asthma in children involves a thorough medical history review, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as spirometry and peak flow measurements to assess lung function.
• Allergy testing may also be conducted to identify triggers that can exacerbate asthma symptoms.

Treatment:

• Controller Medications: Long-term medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers, are prescribed to reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms.
• Quick-Relief Medications: Short-acting bronchodilators, such as albuterol, are used to provide immediate relief during asthma attacks or exacerbations.
• Allergy Management: Identifying and avoiding triggers, such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and smoke, can help minimize asthma symptoms.
• Asthma Action Plan: Developing a personalized asthma action plan in collaboration with healthcare providers helps children and their caregivers recognize early signs of worsening asthma and take appropriate steps to manage exacerbations.
• Regular Follow-up: Children with asthma require regular follow-up visits with healthcare providers to monitor symptoms, adjust treatment as needed, and assess lung function.

Prevention:

• Asthma management focuses on preventing exacerbations, reducing symptoms, and maintaining optimal lung function to improve quality of life.
• Educating children and their families about asthma triggers, medications, and proper inhaler techniques is essential for effective management and prevention of asthma attacks.

FAQs

• What are the common symptoms of asthma?
• How is asthma diagnosed in children?
• What medications are used to treat asthma?
• Can asthma be prevented?
• What steps can be taken to minimize asthma triggers?
• How often should children with asthma have follow-up appointments?

By providing comprehensive care, education, and support, our Pediatric Department empowers children with asthma and their families to effectively manage the condition and lead active, healthy lives.